Abstract
Spatial spreading is performed in a multi-antenna system to randomize an effective channel observed by a receiving entity for each transmitted data symbol block. For a MIMO system at a transmitting entity data is processed (e.g. encoded interleaved and modulated) to obtain N D data symbol blocks to be transmitted in NM transmission spans where ND?1 and NM>1. The ND blocks are partitioned into NM data symbol subblocks one subblock for each transmission span. A steering matrix is selected (e.g. in a deterministic or pseudo-random manner from among a set of L steering matrices where L>1) for each subblock. Each data symbol subblock is spatially processed with the steering matrix selected for that subblock to obtain transmit symbols which are further processed and transmitted via NT transmit antennas in one transmission span. The ND data symbol blocks are thus spatially processed with NM steering matrices and observe an ensemble of channels.
Technologies
Multiple-Input Multiple-Output(MIMO)/Massive MIMO
Product
Use Cases
Wireless communication
Services
Claim
1. A method of providing data for transmission in a wireless multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication system, comprising:
processing data to obtain at least one block of data symbols;
spatially processing the at least one block of data symbols with a plurality of steering matrices to obtain a plurality of sequences of transmit symbols each corresponding to a different portion of the at least one block of data symbols;
providing the plurality of sequences of transmit symbols to a plurality of transmit antennas for transmission in a frame, wherein the plurality of steering matrices randomize an effective MIMO channel observed by a receiving entity for the at least one block of data symbols;
partitioning the at least one block of data symbols into a plurality of subblocks of data symbols; and
selecting a steering matrix for each subblock of data symbols, and
wherein the spatially processing the at least one block of data symbols comprises spatially processing each subblock of data symbols with a steering matrix of the plurality selected for that subblock.', 'processing data to obtain at least one block of data symbols;', 'spatially processing the at least one block of data symbols with a plurality of steering matrices to obtain a plurality of sequences of transmit symbols each corresponding to a different portion of the at least one block of data symbols;', 'providing the plurality of sequences of transmit symbols to a plurality of transmit antennas for transmission in a frame, wherein the plurality of steering matrices randomize an effective MIMO channel observed by a receiving entity for the at least one block of data symbols;', 'partitioning the at least one block of data symbols into a plurality of subblocks of data symbols; and', 'selecting a steering matrix for each subblock of data symbols, and', 'wherein the spatially processing the at least one block of data symbols comprises spatially processing each subblock of data symbols with a steering matrix of the plurality selected for that subblock.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein partitioning the at least one block of data symbols comprises
Partitioning at least two blocks of data symbols into a plurality of subblocks of data symbols such that each subblock includes data symbols from each of the at least two blocks.', 'Partitioning at least two blocks of data symbols into a plurality of subblocks of data symbols such that each subblock includes data symbols from each of the at least two blocks.
3. A method of providing data for transmission in a wireless multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication system, comprising:
processing data to obtain at least one block of data symbols; spatially processing the at least one block of data symbols with a plurality of steering matrices to obtain a plurality of sequences of transmit symbols each corresponding to a different portion of the at least one block of data symbols;
providing the plurality of sequences of transmit symbols to a plurality of transmit antennas for transmission in a frame, wherein the plurality of steering matrices randomize an effective MIMO channel observed by a receiving entity for the at least one block of data symbols; and
transmitting each sequence of spatially processed data symbols from the plurality of transmit antennas on a respective group of frequency subbands.', 'processing data to obtain at least one block of data symbols; spatially processing the at least one block of data symbols with a plurality of steering matrices to obtain a plurality of sequences of transmit symbols each corresponding to a different portion of the at least one block of data symbols;', 'providing the plurality of sequences of transmit symbols to a plurality of transmit antennas for transmission in a frame, wherein the plurality of steering matrices randomize an effective MIMO channel observed by a receiving entity for the at least one block of data symbols; and', 'transmitting each sequence of spatially processed data symbols from the plurality of transmit antennas on a respective group of frequency subbands.
4. A method of providing data for transmission in a wireless multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication system, comprising:
processing data to obtain at least one block of data symbols;
spatially processing the at least one block of data symbols with a plurality of steering matrices to obtain a plurality of sequences of transmit symbols each corresponding to a different portion of the at least one block of data symbols;
providing the plurality of sequences of transmit symbols to a plurality of transmit antennas for transmission in a frame, wherein the plurality of steering matrices randomize an effective MIMO channel observed by a receiving entity for the at least one block of data symbols; and
selecting the plurality of steering matrices from among a set of L steering matrices, where L is an integer greater than one.', 'processing data to obtain at least one block of data symbols;', 'spatially processing the at least one block of data symbols with a plurality of steering matrices to obtain a plurality of sequences of transmit symbols each corresponding to a different portion of the at least one block of data symbols;', 'providing the plurality of sequences of transmit symbols to a plurality of transmit antennas for transmission in a frame, wherein the plurality of steering matrices randomize an effective MIMO channel observed by a receiving entity for the at least one block of data symbols; and', 'selecting the plurality of steering matrices from among a set of L steering matrices, where L is an integer greater than one.
5. A method of providing data for transmission in a wireless multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication system, comprising:
processing data to obtain at least one block of data symbols;
spatially processing the at least one block of data symbols with a plurality of steering matrices to obtain a plurality of sequences of transmit symbols each corresponding to a different portion of the at least one block of data symbols;
providing the plurality of sequences of transmit symbols to a plurality of transmit antennas for transmission in a frame, wherein the plurality of steering matrices randomize an effective MIMO channel observed by a receiving entity for the at least one block of data symbols; and
selecting the plurality of steering matrices from among a set of L steering matrices in a deterministic manner, where L is an integer greater than one.', 'processing data to obtain at least one block of data symbols;', 'spatially processing the at least one block of data symbols with a plurality of steering matrices to obtain a plurality of sequences of transmit symbols each corresponding to a different portion of the at least one block of data symbols;', 'providing the plurality of sequences of transmit symbols to a plurality of transmit antennas for transmission in a frame, wherein the plurality of steering matrices randomize an effective MIMO channel observed by a receiving entity for the at least one block of data symbols; and', 'selecting the plurality of steering matrices from among a set of L steering matrices in a deterministic manner, where L is an integer greater than one.
6. A method of providing data for transmission in a wireless multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication system, comprising:
processing data to obtain at least one block of data symbols;
spatially processing the at least one block of data symbols with a plurality of steering matrices to obtain a plurality of sequences of transmit symbols each corresponding to a different portion of the at least one block of data symbols;
providing the plurality of sequences of transmit symbols to a plurality of transmit antennas for transmission in a frame, wherein the plurality of steering matrices randomize an effective MIMO channel observed by a receiving entity for the at least one block of data symbols; and
selecting the plurality of steering matrices from among a set of L steering matrices by cycling through the L steering matrices in sequential order, where L is an integer greater than one.', 'processing data to obtain at least one block of data symbols;', 'spatially processing the at least one block of data symbols with a plurality of steering matrices to obtain a plurality of sequences of transmit symbols each corresponding to a different portion of the at least one block of data symbols;', 'providing the plurality of sequences of transmit symbols to a plurality of transmit antennas for transmission in a frame, wherein the plurality of steering matrices randomize an effective MIMO channel observed by a receiving entity for the at least one block of data symbols; and', 'selecting the plurality of steering matrices from among a set of L steering matrices by cycling through the L steering matrices in sequential order, where L is an integer greater than one.', '7. A method of providing data for transmission in a wireless multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication system, comprising:
processing data to obtain at least one block of data symbols;
spatially processing the at least one block of data symbols with a plurality of steering matrices to obtain a plurality of sequences of transmit symbols each corresponding to a different portion of the at least one block of data symbols;
providing the plurality of sequences of transmit symbols to a plurality of transmit antennas for transmission in a frame, wherein the plurality of steering matrices randomize an effective MIMO channel observed by a receiving entity for the at least one block of data symbols; and
selecting the plurality of steering matrices from among a set of L steering matrices in a pseudo-random manner, where L is an integer greater than one.', 'processing data to obtain at least one block of data symbols;', 'spatially processing the at least one block of data symbols with a plurality of steering matrices to obtain a plurality of sequences of transmit symbols each corresponding to a different portion of the at least one block of data symbols;', 'providing the plurality of sequences of transmit symbols to a plurality of transmit antennas for transmission in a frame, wherein the plurality of steering matrices randomize an effective MIMO channel observed by a receiving entity for the at least one block of data symbols; and', 'selecting the plurality of steering matrices from among a set of L steering matrices in a pseudo-random manner, where L is an integer greater than one.', '8. A method of providing data for transmission in a wireless multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication system, comprising:
processing data to obtain at least one block of data symbols;
spatially processing the at least one block of data symbols with a plurality of steering matrices to obtain a plurality of sequences of transmit symbols each corresponding to a different portion of the at least one block of data symbols; providing the plurality of sequences of transmit symbols to a plurality of transmit
antennas for transmission in a frame, wherein the plurality of steering matrices randomize an effective MIMO channel observed by a receiving entity for the at least one block of data symbols; and
selecting a different order of L steering matrices for each sequence of L sequences among the plurality of sequences, where L is an integer greater than one.', 'processing data to obtain at least one block of data symbols;', 'spatially processing the at least one block of data symbols with a plurality of steering matrices to obtain a plurality of sequences of transmit symbols each corresponding to a different portion of the at least one block of data symbols; providing the plurality of sequences of transmit symbols to a plurality of transmit', 'antennas for transmission in a frame, wherein the plurality of steering matrices randomize an effective MIMO channel observed by a receiving entity for the at least one block of data symbols; and', 'selecting a different order of L steering matrices for each sequence of L sequences among the plurality of sequences, where L is an integer greater than one.', '9. A method of providing data for transmission in a wireless multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication system, comprising:
processing data to obtain at least one block of data symbols;
spatially processing the at least one block of data symbols with a plurality of steering matrices to obtain a plurality of sequences of transmit symbols each corresponding to a different portion of the at least one block of data symbols; and
providing the plurality of sequences of transmit symbols to a plurality of transmit antennas for transmission in a frame, wherein the plurality of steering matrices randomize an effective MIMO channel observed by a receiving entity for the at least one block of data symbols,
wherein the plurality of steering matrices are unitary matrices.', 'processing data to obtain at least one block of data symbols;', 'spatially processing the at least one block of data symbols with a plurality of steering matrices to obtain a plurality of sequences of transmit symbols each corresponding to a different portion of the at least one block of data symbols; and', 'providing the plurality of sequences of transmit symbols to a plurality of transmit antennas for transmission in a frame, wherein the plurality of steering matrices randomize an effective MIMO channel observed by a receiving entity for the at least one block of data symbols,', 'wherein the plurality of steering matrices are unitary matrices.', '10. A method of providing data for transmission in a wireless multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication system, comprising:
processing data to obtain at least one block of data symbols;
spatially processing the at least one block of data symbols with a plurality of steering matrices to obtain a plurality of sequences of transmit symbols each corresponding to a different portion of the at least one block of data symbols;
providing the plurality of sequences of transmit symbols to a plurality of transmit antennas for transmission in a frame, wherein the plurality of steering matrices randomize an effective MIMO channel observed by a receiving entity for the at least one block of data symbols; and
generating the plurality of steering matrices with a base matrix and a plurality of scalars.', 'processing data to obtain at least one block of data symbols;', 'spatially processing the at least one block of data symbols with a plurality of steering matrices to obtain a plurality of sequences of transmit symbols each corresponding to a different portion of the at least one block of data symbols;', 'providing the plurality of sequences of transmit symbols to a plurality of transmit antennas for transmission in a frame, wherein the plurality of steering matrices randomize an effective MIMO channel observed by a receiving entity for the at least one block of data symbols; and', 'generating the plurality of steering matrices with a base matrix and a plurality of scalars.', '11. A method of providing data for transmission in a wireless multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication system, comprising:
processing data to obtain at least one block of data symbols;
spatially processing the at least one block of data symbols with a plurality of steering matrices to obtain a plurality of sequences of transmit symbols each corresponding to a different portion of the at least one block of data symbols;
providing the plurality of sequences of transmit symbols to a plurality of transmit antennas for transmission in a frame, wherein the plurality of steering matrices randomize an effective MIMO channel observed by a receiving entity for the at least one block of data symbols; and
generating the plurality of steering matrices based on an initial unitary matrix and a diagonal matrix of L-th roots of unity, where L is an integer greater than one.', 'processing data to obtain at least one block of data symbols;', 'spatially processing the at least one block of data symbols with a plurality of steering matrices to obtain a plurality of sequences of transmit symbols each corresponding to a different portion of the at least one block of data symbols;', 'providing the plurality of sequences of transmit symbols to a plurality of transmit antennas for transmission in a frame, wherein the plurality of steering matrices randomize an effective MIMO channel observed by a receiving entity for the at least one block of data symbols; and', 'generating the plurality of steering matrices based on an initial unitary matrix and a diagonal matrix of L-th roots of unity, where L is an integer greater than one.', '12. A method of providing data for transmission in a wireless multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication system, comprising:
processing data to obtain at least one block of data symbols;
spatially processing the at least one block of data symbols with a plurality of steering matrices to obtain a plurality of sequences of transmit symbols each corresponding to a different portion of the at least one block of data symbols;
providing the plurality of sequences of transmit symbols to a plurality of transmit antennas for transmission in a frame, wherein the plurality of steering matrices randomize an effective MIMO channel observed by a receiving entity for the at least one block of data symbols; and
generating the plurality of steering matrices based on a set of independent isotropically distributed unitary matrices.', 'processing data to obtain at least one block of data symbols;', 'spatially processing the at least one block of data symbols with a plurality of steering matrices to obtain a plurality of sequences of transmit symbols each corresponding to a different portion of the at least one block of data symbols;', 'providing the plurality of sequences of transmit symbols to a plurality of transmit antennas for transmission in a frame, wherein the plurality of steering matrices randomize an effective MIMO channel observed by a receiving entity for the at least one block of data symbols; and', 'generating the plurality of steering matrices based on a set of independent isotropically distributed unitary matrices.', '13. A method of providing data for transmission in a wireless multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication system, comprising:
processing data to obtain at least one block of data symbols;
spatially processing the at least one block of data symbols with a plurality of steering matrices to obtain a plurality of sequences of transmit symbols each corresponding to a different portion of the at least one block of data symbols;
providing the plurality of sequences of transmit symbols to a plurality of transmit antennas for transmission in a frame, wherein the plurality of steering matrices randomize an effective MIMO channel observed by a receiving entity for the at least one block of data symbols; and
partitioning the at least one block of data symbols into a plurality of subblocks of data symbols, each subblock of data symbols being designed for transmission on a respective group of at least one frequency subband and from the plurality of transmit antennas, and wherein the spatially processing comprises spatially processing the subblock of data symbols for each group of at least one frequency subband with a respective one of the plurality of steering matrices.', 'processing data to obtain at least one block of data symbols;', 'spatially processing the at least one block of data symbols with a plurality of steering matrices to obtain a plurality of sequences of transmit symbols each corresponding to a different portion of the at least one block of data symbols;', 'providing the plurality of sequences of transmit symbols to a plurality of transmit antennas for transmission in a frame, wherein the plurality of steering matrices randomize an effective MIMO channel observed by a receiving entity for the at least one block of data symbols; and', 'partitioning the at least one block of data symbols into a plurality of subblocks of data symbols, each subblock of data symbols being designed for transmission on a respective group of at least one frequency subband and from the plurality of transmit antennas, and wherein the spatially processing comprises spatially processing the subblock of data symbols for each group of at least one frequency subband with a respective one of the plurality of steering matrices.', '14. A wireless communication apparatus, comprising:
a data processor configured to process data to obtain at least one block of data symbols; and
a spatial processor configured to spatially process the at least one block of data symbols with a plurality of steering matrices to obtain a plurality of sequences of transmit symbols each corresponding to a different portion of the at least one block of data symbols and to provide the plurality of sequences of transmit symbols to a plurality of transmit antennas for transmission in a frame, wherein the plurality of steering matrices randomize an effective MIMO channel observed by a receiving entity for the least one block of data symbols,
wherein the spatial processor is configured to partition at least two blocks of data symbols into a plurality of subblocks of data symbols such that each subblock includes data symbols from each of the at least two blocks.', 'a data processor configured to process data to obtain at least one block of data symbols; and', 'a spatial processor configured to spatially process the at least one block of data symbols with a plurality of steering matrices to obtain a plurality of sequences of transmit symbols each corresponding to a different portion of the at least one block of data symbols and to provide the plurality of sequences of transmit symbols to a plurality of transmit antennas for transmission in a frame, wherein the plurality of steering matrices randomize an effective MIMO channel observed by a receiving entity for the least one block of data symbols,', 'wherein the spatial processor is configured to partition at least two blocks of data symbols into a plurality of subblocks of data symbols such that each subblock includes data symbols from each of the at least two blocks.', '15. The apparatus of claim 14, further comprising
A transmit processor configured to transmit each sequence of spatially processed data symbols from the plurality of transmit antennas on a respective group of frequency subbands.', 'A transmit processor configured to transmit each sequence of spatially processed data symbols from the plurality of transmit antennas on a respective group of frequency subbands.', '16. A wireless communication apparatus, comprising:
a data processor configured to process data to obtain at least one block of data symbols; and
a spatial processor configured to spatially process the at least one block of data symbols with a plurality of steering matrices to obtain a plurality of sequences of transmit symbols each corresponding to a different portion of the at least one block of data symbols and to provide the plurality of sequences of transmit symbols to a plurality of transmit antennas for transmission in a frame, wherein the plurality of steering matrices randomize an effective MIMO channel observed by a receiving entity for the at least one block of data symbols,
wherein the spatial processor is configured to select the plurality of steering matrices from among a set of L steering matrices, where L is an integer greater than one.', 'a data processor configured to process data to obtain at least one block of data symbols; and', 'a spatial processor configured to spatially process the at least one block of data symbols with a plurality of steering matrices to obtain a plurality of sequences of transmit symbols each corresponding to a different portion of the at least one block of data symbols and to provide the plurality of sequences of transmit symbols to a plurality of transmit antennas for transmission in a frame, wherein the plurality of steering matrices randomize an effective MIMO channel observed by a receiving entity for the at least one block of data symbols,', 'wherein the spatial processor is configured to select the plurality of steering matrices from among a set of L steering matrices, where L is an integer greater than one.', '17. A wireless communication apparatus comprising:
a data processor configured to process data to obtain at least one block of data symbols; and
a spatial processor configured to spatially process the at least one block of data symbols with a plurality of steering matrices to obtain a plurality of sequences of transmit symbols each corresponding to a different portion of the at least one block of data symbols and to provide the plurality of sequences of transmit symbols to a plurality of transmit antennas for transmission in a frame, wherein the plurality of steering matrices randomize an effective MIMO channel observed by a receiving entity for the at least one block of data symbols,
wherein the spatial processor is configured to select the plurality of steering matrices from among a set of L steering matrices in a deterministic manner, where L is an integer greater than one.', 'a data processor configured to process data to obtain at least one block of data symbols; and', 'a spatial processor configured to spatially process the at least one block of data symbols with a plurality of steering matrices to obtain a plurality of sequences of transmit symbols each corresponding to a different portion of the at least one block of data symbols and to provide the plurality of sequences of transmit symbols to a plurality of transmit antennas for transmission in a frame, wherein the plurality of steering matrices randomize an effective MIMO channel observed by a receiving entity for the at least one block of data symbols,', 'wherein the spatial processor is configured to select the plurality of steering matrices from among a set of L steering matrices in a deterministic manner, where L is an integer greater than one.', '18. A wireless communication apparatus comprising:
a data processor configured to process data to obtain at least one block of data symbols; and
a spatial processor configured to spatially process the at least one block of data symbols with a plurality of steering matrices to obtain a plurality of sequences of transmit symbols each corresponding to a different portion of the at least one block of data symbols and to provide the plurality of sequences of transmit symbols to a plurality of transmit antennas for transmission in a frame, wherein the plurality of steering matrices randomize an effective MIMO channel observed by a receiving entity for the at least one block of data symbols,
wherein the spatial processor is configured to select the plurality of steering matrices from among a set of L steering matrices by cycling through the L steering matrices in sequential order, where L is an integer greater than one.', 'a data processor configured to process data to obtain at least one block of data symbols; and', 'a spatial processor configured to spatially process the at least one block of data symbols with a plurality of steering matrices to obtain a plurality of sequences of transmit symbols each corresponding to a different portion of the at least one block of data symbols and to provide the plurality of sequences of transmit symbols to a plurality of transmit antennas for transmission in a frame, wherein the plurality of steering matrices randomize an effective MIMO channel observed by a receiving entity for the at least one block of data symbols,', 'wherein the spatial processor is configured to select the plurality of steering matrices from among a set of L steering matrices by cycling through the L steering matrices in sequential order, where L is an integer greater than one.', '19. A wireless communication apparatus comprising:
a data processor configured to process data to obtain at least one block of data symbols; and
a spatial processor configured to spatially process the at least one block of data symbols with a plurality of steering matrices to obtain a plurality of sequences of transmit symbols each corresponding to a different portion of the at least one block of data symbols and to provide the plurality of sequences of transmit symbols to a plurality of transmit antennas for transmission in a frame, wherein the plurality of steering matrices randomize an effective MIMO channel observed by a receiving entity for the at least one block of data symbols,
wherein the spatial processor is configured to select the plurality of steering matrices from among a set of L steering matrices in a pseudo-random manner, where L is an integer greater than one.', 'a data processor configured to process data to obtain at least one block of data symbols; and', 'a spatial processor configured to spatially process the at least one block of data symbols with a plurality of steering matrices to obtain a plurality of sequences of transmit symbols each corresponding to a different portion of the at least one block of data symbols and to provide the plurality of sequences of transmit symbols to a plurality of transmit antennas for transmission in a frame, wherein the plurality of steering matrices randomize an effective MIMO channel observed by a receiving entity for the at least one block of data symbols,', 'wherein the spatial processor is configured to select the plurality of steering matrices from among a set of L steering matrices in a pseudo-random manner, where L is an integer greater than one.
20. A wireless communication apparatus comprising: a data processor configured to process data to obtain at least one block of data symbols; and
a spatial processor configured to spatially process the at least one block of data symbols with a plurality of steering matrices to obtain a plurality of sequences of transmit symbols each corresponding to a different portion of the at least one block of data symbols and to provide the plurality of sequences of transmit symbols to a plurality of transmit antennas for transmission in a frame, wherein the plurality of steering matrices randomize an effective MIMO channel observed by a receiving entity for the at least one block of data symbols,
wherein the spatial processor is configured to select a different order of L steering matrices for each sequence of L sequences among the plurality of sequences, where L is an integer greater than one.', 'a spatial processor configured to spatially process the at least one block of data symbols with a plurality of steering matrices to obtain a plurality of sequences of transmit symbols each corresponding to a different portion of the at least one block of data symbols and to provide the plurality of sequences of transmit symbols to a plurality of transmit antennas for transmission in a frame, wherein the plurality of steering matrices randomize an effective MIMO channel observed by a receiving entity for the at least one block of data symbols,', 'wherein the spatial processor is configured to select a different order of L steering matrices for each sequence of L sequences among the plurality of sequences, where L is an integer greater than one.
21. A wireless communication apparatus comprising: a data processor configured to process data to obtain at least one block of data symbols; and
a spatial processor configured to spatially process the at least one block of data symbols with a plurality of steering matrices to obtain a plurality of sequences of transmit symbols each corresponding to a different portion of the at least one block of data symbols and to provide the plurality of sequences of transmit symbols to a plurality of transmit antennas for transmission in a frame, wherein the plurality of steering matrices randomize an effective MIMO channel observed by a receiving entity for the at least one block of data symbols,
wherein the plurality of steering matrices are unitary matrices.', 'a spatial processor configured to spatially process the at least one block of data symbols with a plurality of steering matrices to obtain a plurality of sequences of transmit symbols each corresponding to a different portion of the at least one block of data symbols and to provide the plurality of sequences of transmit symbols to a plurality of transmit antennas for t
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SUMMARY
ClaimChart-US8204149B2-STO
Patent number:US8204149B2
Claim Chart Type : SEP Claim Chart
Price: 200 €
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The information in blue was extracted from the third parties (Standard Setting Organisation, Espacenet)
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Explicitly disclosed patent:openly and comprehensibly describes all details of the invention in the patent document.
Implicitly disclosed patent:does not explicitly state certain aspects of the invention, but still allows for these to be inferred from the information provided.
Basis patent:The core patent in a family, outlining the fundamental invention from which related patents or applications originate.
Family member:related patents or applications that share a common priority or original filing.